Descartes Doubt And Crime - 1317 Words

Descartes Re-visited Doubt and Crime Kirsten Besheer, in â€Å"Descartes’ Doubts: Physiology and the First Meditation,† makes the caution that â€Å"many commentators dismiss the First Meditation with a scant summary usually involving key words like ‘dreams’ and ‘doubt.’ This being the case, I am not surprised that the rest of the Meditations have remained opaque to them†(55). What Besheer is warning against, specifically, is an uncritical examination of Descartes. For, as the years continue to distant the present from Descartes’ past, modern science and research are continually making that past seem increasingly archaic. The obvious errors and fallacies in Descartes’ ideas on the human mind and the functioning of the brain tend to overshadow the†¦show more content†¦The first move of this essay will be to situate Descartes. Besheer will be helpful in this, because she highlights the specific section where Descartes brings together bot h memory and reason. Descartes, cited through Besheer, writes: â€Å"Even if I have no power to avoid error in the first way just mentioned, which requires a clear perception of everything I have to deliberate on, I can avoid error in the second way, which depends merely on my remembering to withhold judgement on any occasion when the truth of the matter is not clear. Admittedly, I am aware of a certain weakness in me, in that I am unable to keep my attention fixed on one and the same item of knowledge at all times; but by attentive and repeated meditation I am nevertheless able to make myself remember it as often as the need arises, and thus get into the habit of avoiding error.† Within this quote there come together the main threads of Descartes importance, in relation to unconscious influence and crime: memory, that is, being conscious of past error allows one to lesson future error; and reason, knowing that you err, you can meditate upon the situation and correct that possible error. It is with these principal points that Gilbert et, al. and Richter et, al. find difficulty. Gilbert’s et, al.Show MoreRelatedJohn Locke s View On Identity963 Words   |  4 Pagesis John Locke acknowledged in society? Rene Descartes became accredited by what? Well, people knew these men for their philosophical views, their views on identity varied undoubtedly. For example, Descartes famous line I think, therefore I am alludes to the fact that he most certainly exists. On the other hand, Locke believes that if you committed a crime, but cannot recall your actions, then you should not serve time for your crime. Hence, Descartes perspective of identity contains the self, asRead MoreHitchcock/Descartes924 Words   |  4 PagesHitchcock/Descartes Am I really awake typing a paper for philosophy? Did I just watch the Hitchcock film Shadow of a Doubt or did the â€Å"not so supremely good God† plant a reel of thoughts in my head (Descartes16)? That would be ironic since the themes of the film are based upon human understanding of doubt, dreams, good, evil, ignorance and knowledge. The film portrays a neat staircase that leads into the house of an all American family and a rickety set of stairs off the side of the house thatRead MoreA Part Of Epistemology Is The Study Of Knowledge873 Words   |  4 Pagestype of knowledge is a priori knowledge which is based on reasoning and independent of experience. Through the limits of knowledge, the problem of scepticism arises. Scepticism is concerned with the existence of knowledge. A sceptic is a person who doubts whether we have any knowledge. â€Å"It has been suggested that we do not, or cannot, know anything, or at least that we do not know as much as we think we do. Such a view is called skepticism.† (Turncellito). 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He knows from the very beginning that he will never be able to properlyRead MoreDescartes Res Cogitans, Res Extensa, God2932 Words   |  12 Pagesprimary objects of perception (objects of mathematics) and secondary objects of perception (apparent objects formed from observer-dependent sensory properties), Descartes investigates whether material objects exist by asking two questions: (1) do primary objects exist? and (2) do secondary objects exist? In answering the first question, Descartes draws on a distinction between imagining primary objects and conceiving of primary objects. He notes that he conceives of primary objects (such as triangles)Read MoreRelevance of Philosophy3606 Words   |  15 Pagesreached like a detective solves a crime. Logic is the tool to solve any problem or argument which may arise by using the types of reasoning. And with this in mind logic will play a part in the future of manufacturing because without the use of logic the problems of the future won’t be solved and manufacturing will not progress. Epistemology Philosophy is largely based on known knowledge and epistemology is a study of knowledge. Descartes defines knowledge in terms of doubt. While distinguishing rigorousRead MoreDescartes First Proof That God Exist2000 Words   |  8 Pages In Descartes’ third Meditation, he attempts to prove the existence of a good and omnipotent God, to build on prove his own existence. The purpose of this essay is to grasp a better understanding and analyze Descartes’ first proof that God necessarily exists. Firstly, I will explain the proof of the existence of God according to Descartes through the concepts of formal and objective reality. Secondly, I will get to his claim that God is the cause of our own existence through the principle of specialRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of Soul And Self2852 Words   |  12 Pagesindependently of the theologies of Christianity and the stories told in the book of Genesis. While Christianity can be argued as a narrowly construed worldview and a relig ion that has no place in the world of philosophical theories, it is without a doubt the foundation that many philosophers have molded entire theories around regarding the body and soul. Raymond Martin and John Barresi’s book, The Rise and Fall of Soul and Self: An Intellectual History of Personal Identity and Stewart Goetz and Charles

Physics Physics Internal 3.7 Essay - 1909 Words

Physics Internal 3.7 By Jimmy Upward - DRAFT Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is a relatively new technological advancement, only discovered in 1934. In 1934, Enrico Fermi discovered the potential of nuclear fission when he bombarded uranium atoms with neutrons and found that the products of the reaction were much lighter than the uranium atoms that were originally there. In December of 1942, Fermi made more progress with his research, creating the first sustained nuclear reaction through the use of uranium and control rods. This process was similar to the nuclear reactions that take place in modern facilities. Under the right conditions, we can create a successful nuclear reaction with Uranium-235, a single neutron is fired at a Uranium-235 atom. This neutron causes the uranium to become unstable and split off into separate products, most notably 2 smaller atoms (A known pair of products are Barium-142 and Krypton-91) and 2-3 separate neutrons. These neutrons split off and attach to other Uranium-235 atoms, this is the start of a chain reaction, creating a large amount of heat energy as the reaction continues. This is a common form of nuclear fission, a process in which a large nucleus is forced to split into smaller nuclei, and is used in modern nuclear power plants. This heat energy, when harnessed inside a nuclear power plant, heats up the fuel rods that the uranium is contained and in turn heats the water surrounding it to create steam. This steam then powers turbinesShow MoreRelatedA Close Look At The Assessment Cycle4002 Words   |  17 PagesFramework and so they may not be aware of what is meant by ‘level 3’. They like to compare it to GCSE and GCE A level, as established and acceptable standards. Another concern is comparability between different subjects, for e.g. mathematics and physics or physics and English. 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Ralph Lauren Essay Example For Students

Ralph Lauren Essay Ralph Lauren is Americans leading designer in the classic tradition, who has stayed true to his own point of view, despite the seasonal vagaries of fashion. Mr. Lauren has always believed that fashion is function of lifestyle. He believes that clothed should be natural, comfortable and elegant, for the way people live today. His clothes have timeless grace and become more personal and special age. For Mr. Lauren, the starting point is always his concern for quality and attention to detail, while the creative drama comes from his own romantic sense of elegance and reverence for authencity. Always true to his own purely American vision of fashion, his products are nearly as diverse as the country that inspires them. He designs a wide range of products, including menswear, womenswear, boyswear, girlswear, home furnishing, eyewear, scarves, shoes, hosiery, fragrances, handbag, luggage and leather goods. And the stores that carry his products are located across the United States and around the world. ;nbsp;MENSWEAR : POLO BY RALPH LAURENIn 1967, the New York born bred Ralph Lauren started the Polo division of Beau Brummel neckties. Ties at that time were in an Ivy League phase-dark, narrow and undistinguished. But, for several years, Mr. Lauren had harbored the nation that the time was right for a new look. And so, he pioneered the wide tie-a four-inch tie made from opulent materials and fabrications that were unheard of in the business. Polo ties soon became the status tie. And Ralph Lauren became the menswear design to watch, as his ties revolutionized the industry. Mr.Lauren had more dreams to fulfill. He chose the name Polo for his line of ties because the sport repsented to him a lifestyle of athletic grace and discreet elegance, an image of men who wore well-tailored, classic clothes and wore them with style. With that image in mind, Mr Lauren established Polo as a separate menswear company in 1968, producing a complete line of mens clothes. Using only the finest fabrications, Mr. Laress menswear was distinctive, innovative, but always classic and refined. His suits blended the American Ivy League natural shoulder silhouette with the fitted shape and expensive fabrics of the best European custom tailored clothing. His shirts were all cotton, richly patterned and expertly made. This same care was, and still is, applied to every element of Mr. Laurens collections as it expanded to include knitwear, sportswear, outwear, accessories and shoes. Today, Polo stands as a bastion of quality and elegance, a menswear institution that maintains a readil y identifiable image and a devoted following. MENSWEAR LICENSESPolo/Ralph Laurens mens apparel is distributed by licences in Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Hongkong, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, The Netherlands, Panama, Scandinavia, Singapore, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, The United Kingdom and Uruguay, all under the Polo by Ralph Lauren label. Under the Chaps by Ralph Lauren label, Mr. Laurens designs a collection of menss clothing, shirts, sportswear and ties for young executives who want a traditional look and have an appreciation for good design and value. In 1981, Mr. Lauren introduced Polo University Club, a line of tailored to the college student and aspiring young businessman developing his professional wardrobe with the taste level that Polo represents. HIS WOMENSWEAR : RALPH LAURENRalph Laurens first introduced his clothing for women in 1971, and his impact on womens fashion has been such that Ralph Lauren woman gas become part of the vocabulary of our time. She is active, independent and assured-the images of a woman who possesses innate elegance, based on understatement, and feminity. His are clothes for women who would wear tailored clothing much in the manner of Hepburn or Garbo and, with their own sense of personal style. Today, Mr. Ralph Lauren has established his own medley of signature classic well cut hacking jackets, man tailored shirts, pleated trousers, chic city suit and exquisitely-colored Fairisle and motif sweaters. His collection offers the most elegant and feminine silhouette in beautiful fabrics, including delicate handkerchief linen and lace blouses, classic tailored blazers, refined and sophicasted dresses, handknit folk art sweaters, elegant sportswear and rich cashmere evening dresses. Ralph Laurens ready to wear lines include collection, classic, Roughwear, Activewear and Swimwear. Mr. Laurens ready to wear collections are licenses on Brazil, Canada, Europe, Hongkong, Japan, Korea, and Mexico. Ralph Lauren also licenses a line of sewing patterns to Vogue Patterns. HIS BOYSWEAR : POLO BY RALPH LAURENRalph Laurens boyswear was introduced in the Fall of 1978. The Impetus for the line was the scarcity of clothing with style and quality that Mr. Lauren encountered when shopping for his own sons. Polo for Boys is bright, active sportswear as well as finely tailored clothing in the Polo menswear style. These are shaped blazers and hacking jackets and outerwear in range of design clothes that are durable enough for the school yard, yet fine enough for a party. Mr. Laurens success lies in the cut, the careful selection of fabrics and attention to detail. Mr. Laurens boyswear, available in sizes 4 through 20, is marketed under the Polo by Ralph Lauren label. Artificial Intelligence EssayPOLO STORESRalph Laurens has an expanding network of stores across America and worldwide that exclusively carry Polo/Ralph Lauren products. In April 1986, Mr. Lauren opened Polo/ Ralph Lauren on Madison Avenue and 72nd street in New York City, the jewel in the crown of the more than 125 Polo/Ralph Lauren stores across the country and around the world that exist today. The store in the culmination of a five-year search for the premier location in New York, and a year and half of design and construction to restore the architectural integrity of the landmark building, and create the proper setting for Mr.Laurens design. The Madison Avenue store is a showcase for Mr. Laurens lifestyle philosophy, in which his creations from clothing and accessories to home furnishing are presented in their own environments. Other Polo/Ralph Lauren stores in The United States include: Phoenix, Arizona: Beverly hills, Carmel, Costa Mesa, La Jolla, Palm desert, Palo Alto, Sacramento, San Francisco, Santa Chlorinate Santa Barbara, California: Denver, Aspen and Vail, Colorado: Greenwich, Stanford and West Farmington, Connecticut: Georgetown and Downtown Washington, D.C., and other Part of the country. As part of Ralph Laurens global expansion, a store was establishing in 1989 in London, England. Then, In April 1986, Mr. Lauren opened a store in Paris, and became the First American Definer to do so. A beautiful complement to the New York and London stores, Polo/ Ralph Lauren, Paris is located in the Former Thomas Cook building, a Deuxieme Empire structure at the corner of Rue Royal and Place e la Madeleine. Other European Polo stores are located in St. Tropez, Deauville, Stockholm, Geneva, Munich and two cities in Belgium, Knokke and Antwerp. Other Polo/Ralph Lauren stores are available are located in Hongkong: Japan; Malaysia; Taiwan; Singapore; Korea; Mexico; Monterrey; Brazil; Uruguay; Spain; as well as across Canada. In 1987, Ralph Lauren opened his Polo Country store, and today there are nine such shops which express the eclectic cham of New England stores. The stores are designed to showcase Mr. Laurens vision of country lifestyles, and include casual weekend clothing, accessories, folk art, antique country furniture and selection from the Ralph Lauren Home Collection. Polo Country stores are located in the Madison Avenue Store in New York City, and in free standing stores in Little Rock, Arkansas; Costa Mesa, California; East Hampton, New York; Oklahoma city, Oklahoma; Willow Grove, Pennsylvania and Salt Lake City, Utah, as well as Knowlton and Vancouver in Canada. AWARDS AND COMMISSIONSIn addition to his dual Coty Hall of Fame Status and Three special Coty Citation for Contributions to American Fashion, Mr Laurens other designs include : The Tommy Award(1971), The Council of Fashion Designer of America Award(1981). The Getlements quarterly Manstyle Award(1982), The Cutty Sark Career Achievement Award(1983) and The neckwear Association Special Achievement Award(1985). In 1986, Polo/Ralph Lauren was honored at the Fashion Video Awards for the Best Retail Store Concept Video and Best Childrens Video. In recognition of the impact Mr. Laurens Madison Avenue store has had on retailing, he was named Retailer of The Year for 1986 by The Council of Fashion Designers of America, the first ever to receive this Award. Then in 1988, Mr. Lauren received a Founders Award from The National Association of Display industries for his contribution to retailing business. In May 1989, Mr. Lauren accepted The Golden Plate Award from the American Academy of Achieveme nt. Mr. Lauren is also involved wit number of charities, including launching Madison Avenue Christmas for Children Day, during which designated stores, including the Polo/Ralph Lauren Madison Avenue store, donate 20 percent of sales to benefit charities which assist needy children. In 1988, Mr. Lauren also participated in The New York Librarys fundraising events, for which he created a tableau entitleThe American West which showcase the librarys collection of drawings and lithograph from the 1800s. In the Fall 1988, Mr. Lauren was honored at a benefit dinner by the Museum of American Folk Arts for his contributions to fostering excellence in American style. In conjunction with this event, Mr. Lauren took a leading position in raising funds to build new exhibit space and a headquarter building for the museum. In 1989, Mr. Lauren united the fashion industry to support Brest cancer research. Through a personal contribution and fundraising, Mr. Lauren successfully launched the Nina Hyde Center for Breast Cancer Research at the Lombardi Cancer Research Center at Georgetown Universitys medical complex in Washington, D.C. The Center is Named for Nina Hyde, the fashion editor of The Washington Post, in recognition to her contributions to cancer research. Mr. Lauren also takes time out to accept a few design project, including costuming all the male Actors in The Great Gatsby (1973 and Woody Allen and Dianne Keaton in AnnieHall(1971). In 1978, Mr. Lauren designed a uniform program for Trans World Airlines(TWA) that is still in use today. PERSONAL INFORMATIONWith Demanding work schedules, Ralph Lauren prefers to lead, personal life with his family his wife Ricky and their three children. They enjoy jogging around the Central Park reservoir near their upper Fifth Avenue apartment in New York City and active weekends at their Colorado ranch.

Latin America Affected by Illegal Drugs

Latin America is the region worse affected by illegal drugs. Countries such as Mexico and Uruguay act as producers and suppliers of a number of illicit drugs to the international illegal drug market. The aggressive war on drugs waged by the Latin American states has failed to yield significant results and the drug problem continues to plague the region.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Latin America Affected by Illegal Drugs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has led to radical actions being proposed by Latin American leaders. Uruguay’s president Josà © Mujica has proposed for a government regulated and controlled marijuana market while Mexican President Felipe Calderon has called for a new way to reduce trafficking considering the fact that developed countries have been unable to reduce their consumption of illegal drugs. President Calderon argued that criminal networks had massive resources due to the lack of international action by the drug consuming countries to tackle the issue (UN General Debate, 2012). Both leaders contend that legalization of drugs might be the solution to the drug problems that has plagued Latin America for decades. The argument made by the Latin American leaders fails to consider the adverse effects of drugs on the user. Drug use results in physical and mental effects and increases instances of violence. The UAE is strongly against illegal drugs and harsh penalties are imposed on individuals possessing or trafficking these drugs. This stringent approach is based on the understanding that drugs threaten social stability by promoting violence and making people economically inactive. The UAE perspective would therefore be against the proposed legalization of drugs since such measures would result in more harm than good. This argument is supported by Yacoubian (2007) who reveals that heavy marijuana use impairs a person’s ability to form memories and it might result in acute psychosis. Making the drug legal as the Uruguayan president proposes would result in more people suffering from the adverse mental and physical effects associated with drug use. Another argument made is that legalizing drugs such as Marijuana would have the positive effect of reducing trafficking. The Uruguayan president argues that legalization would give government greater control on the product, which would make it safer for the user while at the same time making the role of traffickers’ obsolete (Cave, 2012).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While this might be the case, marijuana is mostly a get way drug and most users move on to harder drugs such as heroin and cocaine. Making the drug legal would therefore lead to a significant increase in the number of people who are addicted to hard drugs. The UAE perspective would be against such a move since increased drug use is an undesirable outcome for the nation. The international community must take decisive action to tackle the issue of illegal drugs. However, this action should not be legalizing the consumption of currently illegal drugs. If the leaders in Latin America are earnest about their efforts to reduce drug trafficking, they should concentrate on eradicating corruption among local authority officials and improve the economic standards of their citizens. These are the two factors that have guaranteed the survival of drug cartels and traffickers and dealing with them will significant reduce the drug problem in the region. In the mean time, the leaders should adopt the UAE approach that views drugs as an ill to be eradicated at all costs for the good for the society. References Cave, D. (2012). South America Sees Drug Path to Legalization. The New York Times. Web. UN General Debate (2012). Address by His Excellency Felipe Calderà ³n Hinojosa, President of the United Mexican States at the General debate of the 67th Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations. Web. Yacoubian, G. (2007). Assessing the Relationship between Marijuana Availability and Marijuana Use: A Legal and Sociological Comparison between the United States and the Netherlands. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education, 51 (4), 17-34. This essay on Latin America Affected by Illegal Drugs was written and submitted by user Saanvi I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.